The county is bounded to the north by Cardiganshire, to the east by Brecknockshire and Glamorganshire, to the south by the Bristol Channel and to the west by Pembrokeshire. Carmarthenshire is the largest county in Wales, with a population of approximately 170,000, 55% of whom are Welsh speakers. The surface generally is upland and mountainous. Fforest Fawr and Black Mountain extend into the east of the county and the Cambrian Mountains into the north. The south coast contains many fishing villages and sandy beaches. The highest point is Carmarthen Fan, 2,525 feet (770 m).
Principal towns are Ammanford, Burry Port, Carmarthen, Kidwelly, Llanelli, Llandeilo, Newcastle Emlyn and Llandovery, Sandy, St. Clears, Whitland, Pendine. The main rivers are the Tywi, the Loughor (which forms the eastern boundary with Glamorgan), and the Gwendraeth Fawr. The principal industries are agriculture, forestry, fishing and tourism.
